Europa's seafloor could be heated by the moon's constant flexing, driving hydrothermal activity similar to undersea volcanoes in Earth's oceans, where some of the most primordial life forms thrive on energy derived from chemical reactions between water and hot rock.Aside from Earth and Europa, the only other only body in the solar system shows such strong evidence of all three basic "ingredients" is Saturn's tiny moon Enceladus, which also is believed to have a global subsurface ocean.Europa's high-energy particle environment and the probability of a tidally heated subsurface ocean relatively close to the surface suggest that the moon could have all the conditions necessary to support life. The orbital eccentricity of Europa is continuously pumped by its Analysis of the unique cracks lining Europa yielded evidence that it likely spun around a tilted axis at some point in time. With icy moons we are concerned with thermal convection, in which warmer (less dense) material rises and cooler (more dense) material sinks. Temperature Europe Heat wave or cold wave - Our temperature map shows the temperature profile in Europe for the current day and the following days. The partial melting of the ice could have been caused by tidal heating, a much milder expression of the same source of energy that powers the volcanoes of Io. Volcanic plumes from Io spew sulfur and other atoms into the magnetic field as well, making the space near Jupiter a dangerous mix of different types of radiation.The estimated total radiation dose that a potential future mission's electronics would receive is far more than most ordinary electronics can bear. This image of Europa, an icy satellite of Jupiter, was obtained from a range of 39,028 miles (62,089 kilometers) by the Galileo spacecraft during its fourth orbit around Jupiter and its first close... This hypothesis is based on theories for planet formation, which predict that Europa's water came from primordial material that is similar to some asteroids. The motion of Galileo relative to Europa during this time causes distortions in the satellite shape on the image, which therefore does not appear circular. The surface is even colder toward the poles and before or after midday. A city-sized impact crater viewed by NASA's Galileo spacecraft may shed new light on the nature of the enigmatic icy surface of Jupiter's moon Europa. So, it is actually bigger than the dwarf planet Pluto but smaller than Earth’s moon. The same source of heating can affect Europa's ice shell and possibly its interior. NASA's New Horizons spacecraft took this image of Europa hanging above Jupiter's cloud tops. ( Using flybys of the inner planets (Venus, Earth, and/or Mars) in a technique called a gravity assist allows us to send a much larger and more capable spacecraft to Jupiter and Europa. Jupiter's enormous magnetic field traps belts of subatomic particles from the solar wind. A diapir can also form when a lighter material of one composition lies beneath a denser material of different composition, which is known as compositional convection. The fractures open, close, and slide past each other with each orbit. Provided that the consistency (or "viscosity") of the ice is not too stiff, warm ice tends to rise, and denser colder ice tends to sink. This reddish substance is associated with briny material. When there is too much stress, it cracks.
Previsão para 14 dias em Europa This complex area on the side of Europa which faces away from Jupiter shows several types of features which are formed by disruptions of Europa's icy crust. Earth's mantle convects, with warm rock masses moving upward through colder (denser) rock over long periods of geologic time.A rising or sinking blob of material, such as a blob of warm ice, is called a "diapir" when it pierces and moves through another material, such as a layer of cold ice.
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